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PCB milling machine (view source)

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This document will go through an overview of a PCB mill machine including important information on operating the system and the associated software programs and will also describe a typical production process.  
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This page will go through an overview of a PCB mill machine including important information on operating the system and the associated software programs and will also describe a typical production process.  
    
== Background ==
 
== Background ==
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[[File:PCB Composition.png|center|PCB Composition]]
 
[[File:PCB Composition.png|center|PCB Composition]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 1. PCB composition style</div>
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 1. PCB composition</div>
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 2. PCB internal routes </div>
 
<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 2. PCB internal routes </div>
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Through hole vias are the most common and the cheapest, since it is easiest to drill a hole all the way through a piece of material with layers that have already been sandwiched together.
 
Through hole vias are the most common and the cheapest, since it is easiest to drill a hole all the way through a piece of material with layers that have already been sandwiched together.
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The system has been developed especially for micro material processing and approved for the following processing procedures and materials:  
 
The system has been developed especially for micro material processing and approved for the following processing procedures and materials:  
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* Processing procedures  
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=== Processing procedures ===
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* Processing of single-sided and double-sided base material  
 
* Processing of single-sided and double-sided base material  
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11. Now let create fiducials. '''Click''' on [Insert] → [Fiducials] → [Fiducial…]
 
11. Now let create fiducials. '''Click''' on [Insert] → [Fiducials] → [Fiducial…]
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12. In the CAM view '''click''' on the positions where you want to place the fiducials (four red circles around the yellow square).  [[File:Front of PCB design with fiducials.png|border|center|500x350px|Front of PCB design with fiducials|link=Special:FilePath/Front_of_PCB_design_with_fiducials.png]]
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12. In the CAM (Computer Assisted Manufacturing) view '''click''' on the positions where you want to place the fiducials (four red circles around the yellow square).  [[File:Front of PCB design with fiducials.png|border|center|500x350px|Front of PCB design with fiducials|link=Special:FilePath/Front_of_PCB_design_with_fiducials.png]]
 
<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 15. Front of PCB design with fiducials </div>
 
<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 15. Front of PCB design with fiducials </div>
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=== 13. '''Click''' on [close]. ===
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13. '''Click''' on [close].
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14.To generate the toolpath, '''click''' on [Toolpath] → [Technology dialog…]
 
14.To generate the toolpath, '''click''' on [Toolpath] → [Technology dialog…]
    
The following dialog will display.
 
The following dialog will display.
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[[File:Technology dialog display.png|border|center|500x350px|Technology dialog display]]
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[[File:Technology dialog display.png|border|center|500x350px|Technology dialog display|link=Special:FilePath/Technology_dialog_display.png]]
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Figure 17. Technology dialog display  
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 17. Technology dialog display </div>
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# '''Click''' on the right arrow button in the group Isolate until the Isolation Method Partial rubout is displayed.
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[[File:Technology dialog display with isolate group.png|border|center|500x350px|Technology dialog display with isolate group]]
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Figure 18. Technology dialog display with isolate group
     −
# Deactivate the function Pockets by '''clicking''' on the corresponding check mark.  
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15. '''Click''' on the right arrow button in the group Isolate until the Isolation Method Partial rubout is displayed.[[File:Technology dialog display with isolate group.png|border|center|500x300px|Technology dialog display with isolate group|link=Special:FilePath/Technology_dialog_display_with_isolate_group.png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 18. Technology dialog display with isolate group</div>
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16. Deactivate the function Pockets by '''clicking''' on the corresponding check mark.  
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[[File:Technology dialog display with pockets group .png|border|center|500x350px|Technology dialog display with pockets group]]
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Figure 19. Technology dialog display with pockets group
     −
# '''Click''' on [Start]. The computation results and the tools required for the project are displayed. '''Check''' whether all required tools are available and placed in the machine. Steps to take if tools are missing are available below.  
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[[File:Technology dialog display with pockets group .png|border|center|400x250px|Technology dialog display with pockets group|link=Special:FilePath/Technology_dialog_display_with_pockets_group_.png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 19. Technology dialog display with pockets group</div>
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[[File: Computation results display for front PCB.png|border|center|500x350px|Computation results display for front PCB]]
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Figure 20. Computation results display for front PCB
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17. '''Click''' on [Start]. The computation results and the tools required for the project are displayed. '''Check''' whether all required tools are available and placed in the machine. Steps to take if tools are missing are available below.[[File: Computation results display for front PCB.png|border|center|350x500px|Computation results display for front PCB|link=Special:FilePath/Computation_results_display_for_front_PCB.png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 20. Computation results display for front PCB </div>
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[[File: Computation results display for back PCB.png|border|center|500x350px|Computation results display for back PCB]]
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Figure 21. Computation results display for back PCB
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# '''Click''' on [Close]. The dialog with the computation results is closed and the CAM view changes as the following figure. The toolpaths have been generated.  
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[[File: Front of PCB design with the toolpath generated .png|border|center|500x350px|Front of PCB design with the toolpath generated]]
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Figure 22. Front of PCB design with the toolpath generated
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[[File: Computation results display for back PCB.png|border|center|350x500px|Computation results display for back PCB|link=Special:FilePath/Computation_results_display_for_back_PCB.png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 21. Computation results display for back PCB</div>18. '''Click''' on [Close]. The dialog with the computation results is closed and the CAM view changes as the following figure. The toolpaths have been generated.  
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[[File:  Back of PCB design with the toolpath generated .png|border|center|500x350px| Back of PCB design with the toolpath generated]]
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Figure 23. Back of PCB design with the toolpath generated
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# If there are tools that are missing, '''Click''' on [Edit] → [Tool magazine…] The tools required for circuit board production are displayed. Tools that are missing in the tool magazine are marked with a red X.  
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[[File:  Tool magazine display.png|border|center|500x350px| Tool magazine display]]
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Figure 24. Tool magazine display
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# In the tool magazine, '''assign''' the required tools to the tool holder positions:
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[[File: Front of PCB design with the toolpath generated .png|border|center|500x350px|Front of PCB design with the toolpath generated|link=Special:FilePath/Front_of_PCB_design_with_the_toolpath_generated_.png]]
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[[File:Assigning tools in the correct tool holder position .png|border|center|500x350px|Assigning tools in the correct tool holder position]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 22. Front of PCB design with the toolpath generated </div>
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Figure 25. Assigning tools in the correct tool holder position
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# Once all tools have been assigned successfully, '''Open''' the machine cover, and '''insert''' the tools into the tool holders of the tool magazine. Ensure that the tools are inserted into the tool holder positions that you have assigned in the dialog Tool magazine!
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[[File:Insertion of tool into the tool holder.png|border|center|500x350px|Insertion of tool into the tool holder]]
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[[File: Back of PCB design with the toolpath generated .png|border|center|500x350px| Back of PCB design with the toolpath generated|link=Special:FilePath/Back_of_PCB_design_with_the_toolpath_generated_.png]]
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Figure 26. Insertion of tool into the tool holder
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 23. Back of PCB design with the toolpath generated </div>
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[[File: Tool successfully inserted into the tool holder
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.png|border|center|500x350px| Tool successfully inserted into the tool holder
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]]
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Figure 27. Tool successfully inserted into the tool holder
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# '''Click''' on [OK].
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# Processing the material
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19. If there are tools that are missing, '''Click''' on [Edit] → [Tool magazine…] The tools required for circuit board production are displayed. Tools that are missing in the tool magazine are marked with a red X.  [[File:  Tool magazine display.png|border|center|550x800px| Tool magazine display|link=Special:FilePath/Tool_magazine_display.png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 24. Tool magazine display </div>
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# '''Ensure''' that the processing table is clean (No debris).
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# '''Place''' the supplied sinter plate onto the processing table (White rectangle)
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# '''Place''' the underlay material (2) onto the sinter plate (1)
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20. In the tool magazine, '''assign''' the required tools to the tool holder positions:[[File:Assigning tools in the correct tool holder position .png|border|center|550x800px|Assigning tools in the correct tool holder position|link=Special:FilePath/Assigning_tools_in_the_correct_tool_holder_position_.png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 25. Assigning tools in the correct tool holder position</div>
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21. Once all tools have been assigned successfully, '''Open''' the machine cover, and '''insert''' the tools into the tool holders of the tool magazine. Ensure that the tools are inserted into the tool holder positions that you have assigned in the dialog Tool magazine![[File:Insertion of tool into the tool holder.png|border|center|400x300px|Insertion of tool into the tool holder|link=Special:FilePath/Insertion_of_tool_into_the_tool_holder.png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 26. Insertion of tool into the tool holder </div>
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Figure 28. Processing table with place based material
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[[File: Tool successfully inserted into the tool holder.png|border|center|400x300px| Tool successfully inserted into the tool holder|link=Special:FilePath/Tool_successfully_inserted_into_the_tool_holder.png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 27. Tool successfully inserted into the tool holder  </div>
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# '''Put''' some tape to immobilize the material to be processed along its edges onto the processing table
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Figure 29. Material fastened
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22. '''Click''' on [OK].
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# '''Click''' on [Machining] → [Process all]. '''Ensure''' that the value <Process all> is selected in the group Operate so that all phases are processed.  
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=== Processing the material ===
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1.'''Ensure''' that the processing table is clean (No debris).
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2. '''Place''' the supplied sinter plate onto the processing table (White rectangle)
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Figure 30. Operate menu
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3. '''Place''' the underlay material (2) onto the sinter plate (1)[[File: Processing table with place based material.png|border|center|500x350px|Processing table with place based material|link=Special:FilePath/Processing_table_with_place_based_material.png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 28. Processing table with place based material </div>
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# '''Click''' on .  
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4. '''Put''' some tape to immobilize the material to be processed along its edges onto the processing table[[File:Material fastened .png|border|center|400x300px|Material fastened|link=Special:FilePath/Material_fastened_.png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"> Figure 29. Material fastened</div>
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# '''Mount''' the material onto the processing table if not already done. '''Click''' on [OK].  
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5.'''Click''' on [Machining] → [Process all].  
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# '''Enter''' the correct values for the material used in the dialog Material settings. In the group Application, the material PCB is selected as default. '''Edit''' the values for the copper layer thickness and material thickness if necessary (shouldn`t be the case for this operation).  
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'''Ensure''' that the value <Process all> is selected in the group Operate so that all phases are processed.  
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# For defining the material area, '''move''' the dialog Material settings to the side. In the Machining view '''click''' on the position of the screen that represents the right rear corner of your material
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[[File: Operate menu .png|border|center|200x100px|Operate menu|link=Special:FilePath/Operate_menu_.png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
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Figure 30. Operate menu </div>
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6.'''Click''' on[[File:Click on.png|40x40px|]]
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7.'''Mount''' the material onto the processing table if not already done. '''Click''' on [OK].
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Figure 31. Defining the material area (right corner)  
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8.'''Enter''' the correct values for the material used in the dialog Material settings. In the group Application, the material PCB is selected as default. '''Edit''' the values for the copper layer thickness and material thickness if necessary (shouldn`t be the case for this operation).
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# The processing head moves to the right rear corner. '''Click''' on [P2] in the dialog Material settings.
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9.For defining the material area, '''move''' the dialog Material settings to the side. In the Machining view '''click''' on the position of the screen that represents the right rear corner of your material[[File:Defining the material area (right corner) .png|border|center|500x350px|Defining the material area (right corner)|link=Special:FilePath/Defining_the_material_area_(right_corner)_.png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 31. Defining the material area (right corner)</div>
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# '''Click''' on the position of the screen that represents the front left corner of your material
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10. The processing head moves to the right rear corner. '''Click''' on [P2] in the dialog Material settings.
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Figure 32. Defining the material area (left corner)  
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11. '''Click''' on the position of the screen that represents the front left corner of your material[[File:Defining the material area (left corner) .png|border|center|500x350px|Defining the material area (left corner)|link=Special:FilePath/Defining_the_material_area_(left_corner)_.png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 32. Defining the material area (left corner)</div>
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# The processing head moves to the front left corner. '''Click''' on [P1] in the dialog Material settings.
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# '''Click''' on [OK].
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# Using your mouse, '''move''' the toolpaths in the machining view and '''place''' it around the top left corner of your material.
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# '''Click''' on [Continue].  
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12. The processing head moves to the front left corner. '''Click''' on [P1] in the dialog Material settings.
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# The work has started. If the spindle motor has not run yet, a 2-minute warm-up phase is started.  
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13. '''Click''' on [OK].
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# If you are asked to define the machine area for milling-width checking (Figure 33), with the mouse '''click''' on an area in your material that will not affect your design (Figure 34) and '''click''' on [OK]. The machine will trace a line (Figure 35) and use the camera to measure the milling width area.  
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14. Using your mouse, '''move''' the toolpaths in the machining view and '''place''' it around the top left corner of your material.
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15. '''Click''' on [Continue].
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Figure 33. Popup display for definition of machine area
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16. The work has started. If the spindle motor has not run yet, a 2-minute warm-up phase is started.
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17. If you are asked to define the machine area for milling-width checking (Figure 33), with the mouse '''click''' on an area in your material that will not affect your design (Figure 34) and '''click''' on [OK].
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Figure 34. Defining the machine area (define position)
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The machine will trace a line (Figure 35) and use the camera to measure the milling width area.[[File:Popup display for definition of machine area .png|border|center|400x200px|Popup display for definition of machine area|link=Special:FilePath/Popup_display_for_definition_of_machine_area_.png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 33. Popup display for definition of machine area  
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</div>
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# A line will be trace at that location
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[[File:Defining the machine area (define position).png|border|center|500x200px|Defining the machine area (define position)|link=Special:FilePath/Defining_the_machine_area_(define_position).png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 34. Defining the machine area (define position)</div>
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Figure 35. Defining the machine area (line tracing)
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# In the pop-up screen, '''Accept''' the focusing height.  
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18. A line will be trace at that location
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# '''Click''' on [Store correction].
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Figure 36. Store correction menu
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[[File:Defining the machine area (line tracing).png|border|center|500x200px|Defining the machine area (line tracing)|link=Special:FilePath/Defining_the_machine_area_(line_tracing).png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 35. Defining the machine area (line tracing)</div>19. In the pop-up screen, '''Accept''' the focusing height.
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# When it’s time to flip the material, '''remove''' the adhesive tape, '''lift''' the material, '''turn''' the material over along the vertical axis, '''fix it''' with adhesive tape again.  
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20. '''Click''' on [Store correction].[[File: Store correction menu.png|border|center|500x200px|Store correction menu|link=Special:FilePath/Store_correction_menu.png]]
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<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">Figure 36. Store correction menu</div>21. When it’s time to flip the material, '''remove''' the adhesive tape, '''lift''' the material, '''turn''' the material over along the vertical axis, '''fix it''' with adhesive tape again.
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# '''Click''' on [OK].  The machining view changes. The orientation of the layout is adapted to the orientation of the material. The side of the material to be processed is now the top side.  
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22. '''Click''' on [OK].  The machining view changes. The orientation of the layout is adapted to the orientation of the material. The side of the material to be processed is now the top side.
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# When the work is done, '''remove''' your cut PCB.  
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23. When the work is done, '''remove''' your cut PCB.  
Gmang049
MakerRepo Staff, MakerRepo Volunteers
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